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Reversible injury

In reversible injury, substances are accumulated and , if the aggression ceases , the cell has the normal refund. This accumulation leads to degeneration are the main characteristics of a reversible lesion. There are seven types of degeneration: hydropic, steatosis (fatty ), lipidosis, hyaline, mucoid, glycogen storage disease (glycogenosis) and mucopolysaccharidosis.

In hydropic degeneration there is the accumulation of water. This is achieved through a bankruptcy in the Na/K pump ATPase. This type of degeneration is characteristic of organs like the heart and is also present in the bubbles formed in the skin after long exposure to sunlight.

The accumulation of TAG ( triglycerides ) mainly gives the name of fatty degeneration. This buildup is by enzymatic defect in the synthesis, mobilization and/or utilization of these lipids .

When there is an accumulation of sphingolipids as cholesterol, the degeneration is called lipidosis. It is also by enzymatic deficiency that this accumulation occurs in cells.

There still may be the accumulation of proteins. We call hyaline degeneration, in which proteins form inclusion by a corpuscle cluster of Ig. This degeneration is frequently found in renal proximal convoluted tubule, since this region is highly to absorption.

In the respiratory, digestive and genital/urinary tract, usually there is the accumulation of mucoproteins called mucoid degeneration. Because these regions present large amounts of mucus, there is this buildup .

Glycogen can also be driven by an enzyme deficiency. The process called glycogenosis. Meanwhile, polioglicanos and/or proteoglycans are also accumulated by enzymatic alterations causing mucopolysaccharidosis .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A) possible mechanisms of accumulation of triglycerides in the liver.
B) hepatic steatosis

Protein absorption by the renal tubule

Mechanisms of intracellular accumulation of substances

Bibliography:

 

KUMAR V, ABBAS AK, FAUSTO N. Robbins & Cotran: Bases Patológicas das Doenças. 8ª edição. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2008.

BRASILEIRO FILHO, G. Bogliolo: Patologia. 7ª edição. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2006.
RUBIN E, GORSTEIN F, RUBIN R, SCHWARTING R, STRAYER D. Rubin: Bases Clínico-Patológicas da Medicina. 4ª edição. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2006.
BRASILEIRO FILHO, G. Bogliolo: Patologia Geral. 4ª edição. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2009.
MONTENEGRO MR, FRANCO M. Patologia: Processos Gerais. 4ª edição. São Paulo: Atheneu, 1999.

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